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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji signifikansi pengaruh tingkat pendidikan dan kesadaran beragama terhadap kesiapan wanita tanpa mahram dalam melaksanakan ibadah haji. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain ex post facto dan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel berjumlah 129 wanita. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui angket skala Likert yang disebarkan kepada para wanita melalui Google Form, sementara data sekunder diperoleh dari literatur ilmiah dan situs web. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Cirebon. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kesiapan wanita dalam melaksanakan ibadah haji tanpa mahram, dengan nilai t sebesar -1.016 dan signifikansi 0.367 (p > 0.05). Sebaliknya, kesadaran beragama menunjukkan pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kesiapan wanita, dengan koefisien regresi 0.180 dan nilai signifikansi 0.004 (p < 0.05). Temuan ini memberikan rekomendasi bahwa tingkat pendidikan tidak berpengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan kesiapan wanita untuk melaksanakan ibadah haji tanpa mahram. Namun, peningkatan kesadaran beragama terbukti dapat meningkatkan kesiapan wanita. Selain itu, kesiapan wanita berhaji tanpa mahram juga dipengaruhi oleh kesehatan, pengetahuan, dukungan finansial, teknologi, dan jaminan keamanan. Hambatan yang dihadapi meliputi norma sosial serta kondisi fisik dan mental. Para ulama memiliki pandangan yang berbeda: sebagian mewajibkan mahram, sementara sebagian lainnya membolehkan jika keamanan terjamin.


This study aims to examine the significance of the influence of education level and religious awareness on the readiness of women without mahrams in carrying out the hajj. This study uses an ex post facto design and a quantitative approach with a sample of 129 women. Data analysis was carried out using the SPSS application. Primary data were collected through a Likert scale questionnaire distributed to women via Google Forms, while secondary data was obtained from scientific literature and websites. This research was carried out in Cirebon Regency. The results of the analysis showed that the level of education did not have a significant influence on women's readiness to perform the hajj without a mahram, with a t-value of -1,016 and a significance of 0.367 (p > 0.05). On the contrary, religious awareness showed a significant positive influence on women's readiness, with a regression coefficient of 0.180 and a significance value of 0.004 (p < 0.05). These findings provide a recommendation that education level has no significant effect on increasing women's readiness to perform the hajj without a mahram. However, increasing religious awareness has been shown to increase women's readiness. In addition, the readiness of women to perform Hajj without a mahram is also influenced by health, knowledge, financial support, technology, and security guarantees. The obstacles faced include social norms as well as physical and mental conditions. The scholars have different views: some require mahrams, while others allow them if security is guaranteed.

Keywords

ibadah haji kesadaran beragama kesiapan wanita tingkat pendidikan

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