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Abstract
Penelitian ini membahas peran pengalaman sebagai dasar pembentukan pengetahuan dalam perspektif filsafat empirisme, sebuah aliran filsafat yang menekankan bahwa pengalaman indrawi adalah sumber utama dan paling valid dalam memperoleh pengetahuan.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka dengan analisis kritis terhadap karya-karya utama dari para filsuf empiris tersebut serta interpretasi kontemporer terhadap gagasan mereka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empirisme menawarkan paradigma yang relevan dalam memahami perkembangan pengetahuan manusia, khususnya dalam konteks metodologi ilmiah dan pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman. Namun, empirisme juga menghadapi kritik, terutama dari kaum rasionalis yang berpendapat bahwa akal dan intuisi memiliki peran penting dalam pembentukan pengetahuan yang tidak dapat dijelaskan oleh pengalaman semata.
This study examines the role of experience as the foundation for knowledge formation within the perspective of empiricism, a philosophical school that emphasizes sensory experience as the primary and most valid source of knowledge. The study employs a literature review method with critical analysis of the primary works of key empiricist philosophers and contemporary interpretations of their ideas. The findings reveal that empiricism offers a relevant paradigm for understanding the development of human knowledge, particularly in the context of scientific methodology and experiential learning. However, empiricism also faces criticism, especially from rationalists who argue that reason and intuition play a crucial role in the formation of knowledge, which cannot be fully explained by experience alone.
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