Capaian Peradaban Islam Pada Masa Khulafaurrasyidin Umar Bin Khattab

Abstract

Umar bin Khattab adalah seorang kepala yang kokoh dan kuat. Umar bin Khattab memiliki sifat-sifat keadilan, kemurahan hati, dll. pada dirinya. Umar bin Khattab meraih gelar Amirul Mukminin Karena kepemimpinannya, sementara negara yang ia pimpin dikenal sebagai khilafah, Umar ibn al-Khattab merupakan panglima perang yang terlibat langsung dalam peristiwa perang Badar, Uhud, Kaybar. Umar dikenal sebagai salah satu sosok Khilafah yang hebat dalam perjalanan sejarah peradaban umat islam, 10 tahun memimpin beliau berhasil memperluas wilayah kekuasaan Islam sampai ke wilayah Romawi (Syiria, Palestina, dan Mesir), serta seluruh wilayah kerajaan Persia termasuk Irak dengan pengaturan yang sitematis atas daerah-daerah yang ditaklukkannya. Kepimimpinan Umar ibn al-Khattab membawa umat islam kearah kemajuan dari aspek agama, pendidikan, budaya, sosial-budaya dan politik. Penelitian ini masuk kedalam kategori studi literatur, yang merupakan jenis penelitian yang menyelidiki berbagai sumber literatur seperti buku, jurnal, dan karya literatur lainnya guna membentuk suatu konsep dan kerangka berpikir. Khalifah umar adalah seorang administrator yang luar biasa, fakta dan bukti mengenai kemampuannya terlihat sejak awal masa pemerintahannya.

Umar bin Khattab was a strong and steadfast leader. He possessed qualities such as justice, generosity, and many others. He earned the title "Amir al-Mu'minin" due to his leadership, and the state he led was known as the caliphate. Umar ibn al-Khattab was a military commander who was directly involved in significant battles such as Badr, Uhud, and Khaybar. He is recognized as one of the greatest caliphs in the history of Islamic civilization. During his ten-year leadership, he successfully expanded the Islamic empire to include territories of the Roman Empire (Syria, Palestine, and Egypt) and the entire Persian Empire, including Iraq, with systematic management of the conquered regions. Umar ibn al-Khattab's leadership brought progress to the Muslim community in various aspects, including religion, education, culture, social affairs, and politics. This study falls into the category of literature review, a type of research that investigates various literary sources such as books, journals, and other literary works to form a concept and framework of thought. Caliph Umar was an extraordinary administrator, with facts and evidence of his abilities apparent from the beginning of his rule.