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Abstract
Dalam Kaidah fiqh ada kaidah hukum dasar segala perbuatan ialah boleh kecuali ada dalil yang mengharamkan. Pada prinsipnya keberadaan bitcoin sebagai mata uang virtual diperbolehkan, karena telah diterima oleh berbagai kalangan masyarakat, tetapi persetujuan, legalitas serta pengakuan pemerintah harus dilihat sebagai hak dan kewajiban pemerintah. Hal ini Termasuk masalah penerbitan mata uang bitcoin, guna menghindari kemungkinan kemadharatan yang mungkin terjadi. Dalam kenyataannya, perdagangan Bitcoin saat ini lebih banyak digunakan sebagai spekulasi sehingga terdapat unsur gharar dan maisir yang terkandung dalamnya akad batil dan unsur yang dilarang oleh prinsip ajaran Islam. Menggunakan Bitcoin sebagai sarana investasi sangat spekulasi dan berisiko. Jika mengacu kepada alasan pengharaman riba maka ada riba dalam transaksi bitcoi yaitu berkaitan dengan pertukaran yang disyaratkan taqaabudh serta tamaatsul.Penggunaan Bitcoin juga terlihat dalam motode penolakan terhadap madharat, dengan ketidakjelasan dan mengandung unsur gharar dan maysir, terutaman legitimasi dari pemerintah yang tidak jelas mengenai penggunaan bitcoin, maka akan menyebabkan dampak negative yang sangat besar misalnya penyalah gunaan dana untuk kejahatan seperti tindak pidana terorisme dan Money Laundering. Oleh karena itu mencegah madharat leih diutamakan daripada mendadatangkan manfaat.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research). yakni dengan menelaah artikel, buku dan laman website untuk memperoleh data, teori dan konsep yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini.
In the Rules of fiqh there is a basic legal rule that all actions are permissible unless there is an argument that forbids it. In principle, the existence of bitcoin as a virtual currency is permissible, because it has been accepted by various groups of people, but government approval, legality and recognition must be seen as rights and obligations of the government. This includes the issue of issuing bitcoin currency, in order to avoid possible harm that might occur. In reality, Bitcoin trading is currently mostly used as speculation so that there are elements of gharar and maisir which are contained in vanity contracts and elements prohibited by Islamic principles. Using Bitcoin as an investment vehicle is highly speculative and risky. Referring to the reasons for prohibiting usury, there is usury in bitcoin transactions, namely related to the exchange required by taqaabudh and tamaatsul. The use of Bitcoin is also seen in the method of rejecting madharat, with ambiguity and containing elements of gharar and maysir, especially legitimacy from the government which is not clear regarding the use bitcoin, it will cause enormous negative impacts, for example the misuse of funds for crimes such as terrorism and money laundering. Therefore preventing harm is prioritized over bringing benefits. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research approach. The type of research used is library research (Library Research). namely by examining articles, books and website pages to obtain data, theories and concepts related to this research.
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